The new reflection API introduces the TypeInfo class:
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.reflection.typeinfo(v=vs.110).aspx
I can get a TypeInfo instance of a Type (say, a Car) by writing
TypeInfo typeInfo = typeof(Car).GetTypeInfo();
Now, what if I just have a TypeInfo instance, how do I get the Type its refering to? Can I just write
Type type = typeInfo.GetType();
Or will this return a type that is equal to typeof(TypeInfo)?

If you call typeInfo.GetType(), you will indeed get the execution-time type of the objec that typeInfo refers to - so some concrete type derived from TypeInfo.
You want TypeInfo.AsType():
Returns the current type as a Type object.
So your code would be:
Type type = typeInfo.AsType();
Or, as noted in comments, something I'd never noticed: TypeInfo derives from Type! So just use:
Type type = typeInfo;
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